ERROR TERMS EXPLAINED VIA PHOTOS: (photos courtesy of Coin Auctions) MULED COINS: U.S. ERROR COINS - 3 EXAMPLES MULED COINS WRONG PLANCHET: U.S. ERROR COINS - 4 EXAMPLES WRONG PLANCHET OFF CENTER STRIKES: U.S. ERROR COINS - 2 EXAMPLES OFF CENTER STRIKES DIE CRACKS: U.S. COIN ERRORS - 3 EXAMPLES DIE CRACKS BROAD STRIKE U.S. COIN ERROR - 1 EXAMPLE BROAD STRIKE CLIPPED PLANCHET: U.S. COIN ERRORS - 4 EXAMPLES CLIPPED PLANCHET What happens when a planchet fails to enter the die area to be struck? It's what is commonly referred to as a die clash, because the anvil die is struck by the hammer die, with such force, that they actually impart some or all of the coins designs onto each surface. To simplify, when the dies clash, the reverse design is struck into the obverse die, and the obverse design is struck into the reverse die, so when a blank planchet does enter the striking area, the struck coin will have the reverse design elements on the obverse, and the reverse will be struck with obverse design elements. However, the obverse of this coin will have upright obverse design elements, but upside down reverse elements and visa versa for the reverse. This can cause collectors some confusion but a coin is struck so that as it's turned in hand, that both sides it appear to be upright in one's hand. What furthers the confusion is when mint employees attempt to polish off the clash marks to save the die, and they often leave some remnant of the clashing, and these dies strike more planchets. A simple overlay of a coin can help clear up confusion and give collectors a better idea of where certain remnant elements should be.DIE CLASH: U.S. COIN ERRORS - 2 EXAMPLES DIE CLASH LAMINATION: U.S. COIN ERRORS - 2 EXAMPLES LAMINATION DOUBLE DIE: U.S. COIN ERRORS - 6 EXAMPLES DOUBLE DIE CUD (EXTRA METAL) OR DIE CHIP: U.S. COIN ERRORS - 3 EXAMPLES DIE CHIP IN COLLAR STRIKE: U.S. COIN ERRORS - 1 EXAMPLE IN COLLAR STRIKE MULTIPLE STRIKES U.S. COIN ERRORS - 7 EXAMPLES MULTIPLE STRIKES BLANK PLANCHETS: U.S. COIN ERRORS - 2 EXAMPLES BLANK PLANCHETS MATED BONDED PAIR: U.S. COIN ERRORS - 2 EXAMPLES MATED BONDED PAIR W/TEXT DROPPED LETTERS: U.S. COIN ERRORS - 2 EXAMPLES DROPPED LETTERS W/TEXT U.S. COIN ERRORS - 2 EXAMPLES DIE ADJUSTMENT STRIKE FILLED/POLISHED/OVERUSED A great example is the 1937-D 3- legged Indian Head/Bison Reverse Nickel: U.S. COIN ERROR - 1 EXAMPLE 1938-D 3-LEGGED BUFFALO NICKEL The next Error Term is OverDate, but not all overdates are errors. An overdate is usually done on purpose for the following reasons. to change the date on a previously minted coin. to make the date clearer on a weekly struck coin. If a mint employee installs a die left over from last year and last year's date appears on just-minted coins; those are errors. The overdate (this year's date) is not the error; the covered date is the error. Here's examples of an error over date (1918/7 Bison reverse Nickel) and a non error over date(1867/67 Indian Head Cent: U.S. ERROR COIN - OVER DATE MISSING CLAD ERROR: U.S. ERROR COIN - 1 EXAMPLE MISSING CLAD STRIKE THROUGH FOREIGN OBJECT: U.S. COIN ERRORS - 3 EXAMPLES STRIKE THROUGH FOREIGN OBJECT MISALIGNED DIES: U.S. COIN ERROR - 1 EXAMPLE MISALIGNED DIE BROCKAGE STRIKE: U.S. COIN ERRORS - 4 EXAMPLES BROCKAGE SPLIT PLANCHET: U.S. COIN ERROR - 1 EXAMPLE SPLIT PLANCHET CRACKED PLANCHET: U.S. COIN ERROR - 1 EXAMPLE CRACKED PLANCHET DEFECTIVE PLANCHET: U.S. COIN ERROR - 1 EXAMPLE DEFECTIVE PLANCHET FOLD OVER STRIKE: U.S. ERROR COIN - 1 EXAMPLE FOLD OVER STRIKE CAPPED DIE: U.S. ERROR COIN - 2 EXAMPLES CAPPED DIE This last Error Term deals with repunched Mint Marks. Most are not errors. Reasons? Restruck over weak strike. Restruck over previously struck coins from another mint. i.e. D/S or S/D It's an error coin if a die from another mint was used, then struck using the right die. i.e. D/S or S/D It's an error if the first strike was rotated. i.e. S over horizontal S or D over horizontal D such as the following (courtesy of Teletrade): U.S. ERROR COIN - 1909-S OVER HORIZONTAL S CENT Following coin photo courtesy of Heritage Auctions: U.S. ERROR COIN - 1942-D OVER HORIZONTAL D NICKEL Hope you enjoyed. Clinker
Nice topic, your split planchet link is wrong... http://coinauctionshelp.com/splitplanchetminterror.html#.UhZcN-DMZ8s Faint reverse outline of effigy visible, planchet thinner, edge stamped and visible on both sides of coin, no sign of filing or uneven edge damage on blank side...
